Filime ya plastike nkibikoresho byo gucapa, icapwa nkumufuka wapakira, hamwe nurumuri kandi rucye, irwanya ubushuhe hamwe na ogisijeni irwanya umwuka, ubukana bwiza bwumwuka, ubukana hamwe nuburiganya, hejuru neza, birashobora kurinda ibicuruzwa, kandi bishobora kubyara imiterere y ibicuruzwa, ibara nibindi byiza. Hamwe niterambere ryinganda za peteroli, ubwoko bwinshi nubwinshi bwa firime ya plastike, ikoreshwa cyane muri firime ya plastike polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystirene (PS), firime polyester (PET), polypropilene (PP), nylon (PA) n'ibindi. Byongeye kandi, hari ubundi bwoko bwinshi bwa firime ya plastike, uruganda rwabapakira rworoshye Shunfa gupakira atekereza ko ari ngombwa gusobanukirwa ibiranga firime ya plastike mbere yimifuka yabapakira. Gutondekanya byumwihariko ibiranga ubwoko 11 bwa firime ya plastike munsi yumufuka wapakira kugirango ubone.
1. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Ibyiza bya firime ya PVC na PET birasa, kandi kimwe ni kimwe mubiranga gukorera mu mucyo, guhumeka, aside hamwe no kurwanya alkali. Imifuka myinshi yo kurya kare ikozwe mumifuka ya PVC. Nyamara, PVC irashobora kurekura kanseri bitewe na polymerisime ituzuye ya monomers zimwe murwego rwo gukora, ntabwo rero ikwiriye kuzuza ibintu byo mu rwego rwibiribwa, kandi benshi bahinduye imifuka yo gupakira PET, ikimenyetso cyibikoresho ni No 3.
2. Polystirene (PS)
Amazi yakira ya firime ya PS ni make, ariko ihame ryayo ni ryiza, kandi irashobora gutunganywa no kurasa gupfa, gukanda bipfa, gusohora hamwe na thermoforming. Mubisanzwe, igabanyijemo ifuro no kutabeshya ibyiciro bibiri ukurikije niba byanyuze muburyo bwo kubira ifuro. PS idafite izina rikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikoresho byo kubaka, ibikinisho, ibikoresho byo mu biro, n'ibindi, kandi birashobora no gukorwa mubikoresho byuzuyemo amata yuzuye amata, nibindi. Mu myaka yashize, ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibikoresho byo kumeza, hamwe nikimenyetso cyibikoresho ni No 6.
3. Polypropilene (PP)
Filime isanzwe ya PP ifata ibiceri, uburyo bworoshye nigiciro gito, ariko imikorere ya optique iri munsi gato ya CPP na BOPP. Ikintu kinini kiranga PP ni ukurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi (hafi -20 ° C ~ 120 ° C), kandi aho gushonga ni hejuru ya 167 ° C, bikwiranye no kuzuza amata ya soya, amata yumuceri nibindi bicuruzwa bikenera kwanduza amavuta. . Ubukomezi bwabwo buri hejuru ya PE, bukoreshwa mugukora imipira ya kontineri, kandi ikimenyetso cyibikoresho ni No 5. Muri rusange, PP ifite ubukana bwinshi, kandi hejuru irasa cyane, kandi ntabwo itanga impumuro mbi iyo yaka, mugihe PE ifite umunuko uremereye wa buji.
4. Filime ya Polyester (PET)
Filime ya polyester (PET) ni plastiki yubuhanga bwa termoplastique. Ibikoresho bito bya firime bikozwe mu mpapuro zimbitse hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukuramo no kurambura byerekezo. Filime ya polyester irangwa nubukorikori buhebuje, gukomera cyane, gukomera no gukomera, kurwanya gucumita, kurwanya ubukana, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru no hasi, kurwanya imiti, kurwanya amavuta, guhumeka ikirere no kubika impumuro nziza, ni kimwe mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mukurwanya impumyi. firime substrates, ariko corona irwanya ubukene, igiciro ni kinini. Ubunini bwa firime muri rusange ni 0,12mm, bukunze gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo hanze bipfunyika ibiryo bipfunyika, kandi gucapwa nibyiza. Shyira ikimenyetso cyibintu 1 mubicuruzwa bya plastiki.
5. Nylon (PA)
Filime ya pulasitike ya Nylon (polyamide PA) kuri ubu ni inganda zakozwe mu nganda zitandukanye, muri zo ubwoko bukuru bukoreshwa mu gukora firime ni nylon 6, nylon 12, nylon 66 n'ibindi. Filime ya Nylon ni firime ikomeye cyane, gukorera mu mucyo, kandi ifite urumuri rwiza. Imbaraga zingutu, imbaraga zingana, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru nubushyuhe buke, kurwanya amavuta, kurwanya ibishishwa byumubiri, kurwanya kwambara no kurwanya puncture nibyiza cyane, kandi firime iroroshye cyane, irwanya ogisijeni nziza, ariko inzitizi yumuyaga wamazi ni muke, kwinjiza amazi, ubuhehere ni bunini, kandi gufunga ubushyuhe ni bibi. Birakwiriye gupakira ibicuruzwa bikomeye, nkibiryo byamavuta, ibiryo bikaranze, ibiryo bipakira vacuum, ibiryo byo guteka, nibindi.
6. Umuvuduko mwinshi Polyethylene (HDPE)
Filime ya HDPE yitwa geomembrane cyangwa firime idashoboka. Ahantu ho gushonga ni 110 ℃ -130 ℃, naho ubucucike bwayo ni 0.918-0.965kg / cm3. Nibintu byinshi birebire, bidafite inkingi ya thermoplastique resin, isura yambere ya HDPE ni amata yera, mugice gito cyambukiranya urwego runaka rusobanutse. Ifite imbaraga zo guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke no kurwanya ingaruka, ndetse no kuri -40F ubushyuhe buke. Imiti ihamye, gukomera, gukomera, imbaraga za mashini, imbaraga zamarira ni nziza, kandi hamwe no kwiyongera kwubucucike, imiterere yubukanishi, imiterere ya barrière, imbaraga za tensile hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije bizanozwa bikwiranye, birashobora kurwanya aside, alkali, ibishishwa kama nibindi nibindi ruswa. Kumenyekanisha: ahanini ntibisobanutse, umva nk'ibishashara, igikapu cya pulasitike kinyunyuza cyangwa kunyeganyega iyo uhuha.
7. Ubucucike buke Polyethylene (LDPE)
Ubucucike bwa firime ya LDPE buri hasi, yoroshye, irwanya ubushyuhe buke, kurwanya imiti ihindagurika ni byiza, mugihe gisanzwe acide (usibye aside ikomeye ya okiside), alkali, kwangirika kwumunyu, hamwe n’amashanyarazi meza. LDPE ikoreshwa cyane mumifuka ya pulasitike, ikimenyetso cyibikoresho ni No 4, nibicuruzwa byayo bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubwubatsi n’ubuhinzi, nka geomemofilm, firime y’ubuhinzi (firime yamenetse, firime ya mulch, firime yo kubika, nibindi). Kumenyekanisha: Umufuka wa pulasitike wakozwe muri LDPE uroroshye, ntukangwe cyane iyo utetse, firime ya plastike yo gupakira hanze iroroshye kandi yoroshye gutanyagura LDPE, kandi ibyoroshye kandi bikomeye ni firime ya PVC cyangwa PP.
8. Inzoga ya Polyvinyl (PVA)
Inzoga ya polyvinyl (PVA) firime nini ya barrière compte ni firime ifite imitungo myinshi ya barrière ikozwe mugutwikira amazi yahinduwe-amazi ya elegitoronike ya polyvinyl kuri substrate ya plastike polyethylene. Kuberako inzitizi ndende ya firime yinzoga ya polyvinyl ifite inzitizi nziza kandi yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa byo kurengera ibidukikije, ibyiringiro byamasoko yibi bikoresho bipfunyika ni byiza cyane, kandi hari isoko ryagutse mubucuruzi bwibiribwa.
9. Gukina firime ya polypropilene (CPP)
Filime ya polypropilene (CPP) ni ubwoko bwa firime idashobora kuramburwa, idafite icyerekezo cya firime yo gukuramo ikozwe na melt casting quench cool. Irangwa n'umuvuduko ukabije wumusaruro, umusaruro mwinshi, gukorera mu mucyo wa firime, gloss, imitungo ya barrière, ubworoherane, ubwinshi bwuburinganire nibyiza, birashobora kwihanganira guteka ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (ubushyuhe bwo guteka hejuru ya 120 ° C) hamwe nubushyuhe buke (ubushyuhe bwo gufunga ubushyuhe butarenze 125 ° C), impirimbanyi ni nziza. Gukurikirana imirimo nko gucapa, guhuriza hamwe biroroshye, bikoreshwa cyane mumyenda, ibiryo, ibikenerwa bya buri munsi bipakira, kora substrate y'imbere yo gupakira ibintu, bishobora kongera ubuzima bwibiryo, byongera ubwiza.
10. Filime ebyiri za polypropilene (BOPP)
Filime ya Biaxial polypropilene (BOPP) nigikoresho cyo mu mufuka cyoroshye cyo gupakira cyakozwe mu myaka ya za 1960, kikaba ari umurongo udasanzwe wo kuvanga ibikoresho fatizo bya polypropilene hamwe n’ibindi byongera imikorere, gushonga no kuvanga, gukora impapuro, hanyuma ugakora firime mu kurambura. Iyi firime ntabwo ifite ibyiza gusa byubucucike buke, kurwanya ruswa no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwiza bwa PP resin yumwimerere, ariko kandi ifite imiterere myiza ya optique, imbaraga za mashini nyinshi, ibikoresho bikungahaye cyane, ibikoresho byiza byo gucapa, kandi birashobora guhuzwa nimpapuro, PET hamwe nibindi bisobanuro. Hamwe nibisobanuro bihanitse hamwe nuburabyo, kwinjiza neza wino hamwe no gufatira hamwe, imbaraga zingana cyane, imiterere ya barrière nziza yamavuta, ibiranga electrostatike.
11. Filime yicyuma
Filime yicyuma ifite ibiranga firime ya plastike nicyuma. Uruhare rwa plaque ya aluminiyumu hejuru ya firime ni uguhagarika urumuri no gukumira imirasire ya ultraviolet, yongerera igihe cyo kuramba ibirimo kandi ikazamura umucyo wa firime, igasimbuza ifu ya aluminiyumu ku rugero runaka, kandi ikaba ifitehendutse, ibyiza na barrière nziza. Kubwibyo, firime yicyuma ikoreshwa cyane mubipfunyika byinshi, bikoreshwa cyane mubisuguti nibindi byumye, bipfunyika ibiryo, imiti nububiko bwo kwisiga.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-19-2023